Power plant engineering study notes handwritten free study stuff. This section will introduce one such cycle the ideal regenerative rankine cycle, which increases the fluid average temperature during the heat addition process. It is an idealized cycle in which friction losses in each of the four. The ideal cycle for vapor power cycle a the impracticalities associated with carnot cycle can be eliminated by. Pdf power plant lecture notes chapter6 gas turbines. In the simple rankine cycle, steam flows to a turbine, where part of its energy is converted to mechanical energy that is transmitted by rotating shaft to drive an electrical generator.
Produces work from heat by wasting a fraction of heat input to a low temperature reservoir t oc s kjkgk 4 3 2 1 characteristics 1. In the previous lecture, we were discussing about the thermal power plant cycle and in that context we discussed about rankine cycle. Amp lect17 rankine cycle, brayton cycle, stirling and ericsson cycles. Lecture notes nuclear reactor safety nuclear science. This has been used in large numbers of electricity generating stations, whether coalfired, oilfired, nuclear or based on other fuels, and has been refined to give the optimal level of standalone powergeneration efficiency by increasing its complexity.
Rankine cycle figures from cengel and boles, thermodynamics, an engineering approach, 6th ed. Effect of working fluids on organic rankine cycle for waste heat recovery. Us75789b2 refrigeration system including refrigeration. Let assume the rankine cycle, which is the one of most common thermodynamic cycles in thermal power plants. An organic rankine cycle orc system, using an organic fluid instead of water as the working fluid, is potentially feasible in heat recovery systems and is. Concept is simple right now only fighting with monsters and bacic character statisics, but itll be further developed to something bigger. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Hydrocurrenttm organic rankine cycle orc module 125ejw. System overview and component identification purpose. The rankine cycle is a cycle that converts heat into work. Ideal rankine cycle is very useful in steam power plants and gas power plants. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. Introduction, carnot cycle, rankine cycle, deviation of actual cycle from theoretical rankine cycle, improvement in rankine cycle, super critical pressure cycle, various efficiencies of steam power plants.
Nptel video lecture topic list created by linuxpert. How to convert pdf to word without software duration. An idealized cycle for a simple power plant is shown in fig. Rankine cycle is a condensation process where steam is to be condensed into water rankine cycle is nothing but a modification of carnot cycle. He was a founding contributor, with rudolf clausius and william thomson, to the science of thermodynamics, particularly focusing on the first of the three thermodynamic laws. Carnot cycle there are only two temperatures in the carnot cycle heat is added at t h heat is rejected at t l there are four temperatures in the otto cycle heat is added over a range of temperatures heat is rejected over a range of temperatures.
Second law analysis of rankine cycle the rankine cycle is not a totally reversible cycle, it is only internally reversible, since heat transfer through a finite temperature difference between the furnace and the boiler or between the condenser and the external medium can results in. This will prepare you for the next lab session in which you will operate the system. The general idea is to increase the fluid average temperature during heat addition and decrease the fluid temperature during heat rejection. The success of the rankine cycle is a consequence of more energy being recovered when the vapor expands through the turbine than is consumed in repressurizing the liquid. Power plant engineering notes pdf ppe notes pdf notes. If you compare the power down load by the turbine right so main losses are. To improve the efficiency of rankine cycle in the steam power plant, there are some changes in rankine cycle which differs from the carnot cycle.
Effect of working fluids on organic rankine cycle for. Introduction to machine design, methodology, strength, rigidity, fracture, wear, and material considerations in design, use of standards, selection of materials and processes. The course contains the analysis of vapour power cycle i. It was also used to study the performance of reciprocating steam engines.
Power plant engineering study notes handwritten free. Quantilebased robust optimization of a supersonic nozzle. Performance estimation of steam power cycles lec 4. A controller reduces a rotational speed of a rankine cycle from a predetermined normal rotational speed during an operation of a compressor in a predetermined state when the controller determines that a predicted refrigerant flow quantity, which is predicted by assuming that the compressor is operated in a sole operation of the rankine cycle at the predetermined normal. Nptel video lecture topic list created by linuxpert systems, chennai. Indian institute of technology roorkee and nptel via swayam. The organic rankine cycle orc is a heat recovery process that converts thermal energy into mechanical power. Pump, carnot cycle for steam, disadvantages of carnot cycle application, rankine cycle and its components. A supercritical carbon dioxide sco 2 rankine cycle for waste heat recovery whr from a gas turbine can achieve high efficiency despite its simplicity and compactness in comparison to a steamwater cycle. In this case the turbine operates at steady state with inlet conditions of 6 mpa, t 275. Power plant lecture notes chapter2 steam power plant cycles. The rankine cycle is one of manythermodynamic cycles that is used to produce mechanical work.
Pump, carnot cycle for steam, disadvantages of carnot cycle application, rankine cycle. Second law analysis of rankine cycle concordia university. Rankine cycler lab experiment manual turbine technologies. Pump, carnot cycle for steam, disadvantages of carnot cycle application, rankine cycle and. The rankine cycle is the ideal cycle for vapor power plants. Steampunk role playing game that you can play via the internet browser. Supercritical co2 rankine cycles for waste heat recovery. The rankine cycle is an idealized thermodynamic cycle of a heat engine that converts heat into mechanical work while undergoing phase change. So, what we get is that construction organic rankine cycle construction and cycle as in rankine cycle, construction and cycle means we will have almost a similar type of equipment in the plant and the thermodynamic processes of the cycle they are almost like rankine cycle.
This cycle that results is the rankine cycle, which is the ideal cycle for vapor. Lecture series on steam and gas power systems by prof. Banerjee,department of electrical engineering, iit kharagpur. It produces only small net power outputs for the plant size because dry saturated steam is used at inlet to the turbine. In this case the turbine operates at steady state with inlet conditions of 6. The gas turbine cycle, working of gas turbines, centrifugal compressors, axial. The reducedenergy steam flowing out of the turbine condenses to. The ideal cycle for vapor power cycle a the impracticalities associated with carnot cycle. The classic steam rankine cycle is shown in figure 5. To gain an understanding of the rankine cycler system as a whole and details of each component making up the system. Steam rankine cycle an overview sciencedirect topics. Steam is produced superheated and at high pressure by the boiler. One part of the course is about simple steam power cycle, reheat. This cycle in particular is used to predict the work produced by a steam turbine system in a heat engine.
In this case assume a simple cycle without reheat and without with condensing steam turbine running on saturated steam dry steam. Organic working fluid is pumped through an evaporator, exposing it to the heat source. A scottish civil engineer, physicist and mathematician. However, in robust optimization problems applied to aerodynamic design, which feature large uncertainties and severe nonlinear effects, the pdf of the. The rankine cycle is a model used to predict the performance of steam turbine systems. Himanshu vasishta, tutorials point india private l. With respect to whr, it is very important to maximize the net output power by incorporating the utilization efficiency of the waste heat in conjunction with the cycle thermal.
The making of thrust to fly science and history of propulsion. Pdf power plant lecture notes chapter2 steam power. Isentropic compression water enters the pump as state 1 as saturated liquid and is compressed isentropically to the operating pressure of the boiler. The project on development of remaining three quadrants to nptel phasei under grant in aid nmeict, mhrd, new delhi. Heat converts the fluid into a superheated vapor due to its low boiling point. Nptel syllabus introduction to aerospace propulsion video course course outline introduction to propulsion. Lecture series on energy resources and technology by prof.