The beck depression inventory bdi, bdi1a, bdi ii, created by aaron t. The following table indicates the relationship between total score and level of depression according to the beck depression inventory. Beck depression inventory bdi statistics solutions. The inventory contains twentyone items on a 4point likert. However, the clinician might also examine the patient for depression using the beck depression inventory ii or other appropriate assessment procedure, because of the high rate of comorbidity between anxiety and depression. Beck depression inventory ii bdi ii sadness scale scale identifying level of sadness, as part of the beck depression inventory ii bdi ii. Brown, 1996 for adolescent psychiatric inpatients, which was their sample, who. Beck, is a 21question multiplechoice selfreport inventory, one of the most widely used psychometric tests for measuring the severity of depression. Becks depression inventory the indiana state medical. Online training for the beck depression inventorysecond edition bdiii these efficient modules are ideal for clinical trials or for healthcare providers seeking continuing education credit. The bdi ii is based on the amended beck depression inventory bdia.
Beck depression inventory bdi, bdiii stroke engine. The beck depression inventory bdi is a commonly used instrument for quantifying levels of depression. For further information about bdiii scoring, and interpretation of scores, see. Score of 0 21 low anxiety score of 22 35 moderate anxiety score of 36 and above potentially concerning levels of anxiety references. The validity of beck depression inventory short version in. It appears that the bdiii can be administered with ease and does not require an interviewing process. Gender, age, and education were hypothesized to predict bdiii scores. Beck, a pioneer in cognitive therapy, designed his first depression inventory often known as bdi in 1961. Sensitivity and specificity of the beck depression inventory. Apr 15, 2012 detail information about the beck depression inventory.
It can be used for screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of therapeutic progress in both inpatient and outpatient settings. How to use the beck depression inventory ii bdi ii. Bdi ii bhs bai raw score 32 18 t score 88 76 72 percentile 99 97 95. And then pick out the one statement in each group that best describes the way. Pdf the beck depression inventory bdiii and a single. In addition, the beck depression inventoryfast screen for medical patients bdifs. The beck depression inventory bdi is a series of questions developed to measure the intensity, severity, and depth of depression in patients with psychiatric diagnoses. Among 24 studies reporting an optimal cutoff score of bdi wang and.
The study was carried out in ibnrushd and baghdad teaching hospitals. The author recognized the multidimensional nature of depression. The beck depression inventory bdi was published in 1996 and is a reliable selfreport inventory used to evaluate the symptoms of depression. Screening adolescents for depression contemporary pediatrics. You are considering whether or not to adopt the beck depression inventory ii bdi ii. Beck interpretrack interpret your patients unique pattern of item responses across all four beck scales. The dasii early years spanish supplement enables you to obtain a more accurate picture of spanishspeaking childrens cognitive strengths and needs by assessing them in their primary language. The bdi ii is a 21item instrument for detecting depression that can be completed by adolescents aged years and older. The beck depression inventory bdi is a 21item, selfreport rating inventory that measures characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression. Reliability and validity of the beck depression inventoryii. Article pdf available in psychological trauma theory research practice and policy 75 may 2015. The beck depression inventoryii bdi ii 1996 is a universally used instrument in assessing and screening depression in individuals ages and over in clinical and nonclinical settings. The beck depression inventory is used to measure the severity of symptoms of depression by psychiatrists, psychologists. The bdi ii was designed to conform to the dsmiv depression diagnostic criteria and represents a substantial improvement over its predecessor, the original beck depression.
Beck in 1961 as a method of measuring a patients level of depression. Special attention must be paid to the correct scoring. Beck depression inventoryii bdiii counseling youth with. However, if you want to take the beck s depression inventory then you will need to find a local therapist that can administer the test as it is not suppose to be self administered. Becks depression inventory this depression inventory can be selfscored. The new beck youth inventories second edition byi2 uses five selfreport inventories to assess symptoms of depression, anxiety, anger, disruptive behavior, and selfconcept in children and. Post test score falls below the confidence interval and is in the moderate range. By taking and then periodically retaking the bdi, you can not only evaluate your depression. Many of your clients seem to suffer from depression, and you think that using an instrument that specifically assesses depressive symptoms would help you in making an accurate diagnosis. Scoring internal consistency, yes, cronbachs coefficient for bdi ii 0.
Unique nonverbal administration with pictorial directions. The beck depression inventory bdiia was used to measure the severity of depressive symptoms and included 21 multiplechoice questions with a range of disjunctive questions related to current. After you have completed the questionnaire, add up the score for each of the 21 questions. This new edition of the beck depression inventory, the most widely used instrument for detecting depression, takes just five minutes to complete. Consisting of 21 multiplechoice questions, it is a very. Participants were 180 psychology undergraduate students from a mediumsized midwestern university. The beck depression inventory is a selfreport questionnaire designed to measure depression symptoms and calculate the severity of it. Beck, interested in the disease as a result of negative thoughts, created the beck depression inventory bdi, bdi ii. A summary of the purpose, procedure and current research related to the beck depression inventory bdi for persons with spinal cord injury. New items like its predecessor, the bdi ii consists of 21 items to assess the intensity of depression. And then pick out the one statement in each group that best describes the way you have been feeling during the past two weeks, including today. Items involving changes in body image, somatic preoccupation, and work difficulty were replaced. A total of 7,500 respondents from a community sample in the netherlands completed the.
To measure the validity of beck depression inventory short version using icd 10 criteria for major depression as a gold standard method and patients. Beck depression inventory essay sample sample essays. Diagnostic utility and psychometric properties of the beck. Validity of the beck depression inventory, hospital anxiety and depression scale, scl90, and hamilton depression rating scale as screening instruments for depression in stroke patients. Mar 30, 2019 the beck depression inventory bdi was published in 1996 and is a reliable selfreport inventory used to evaluate the symptoms of depression.
The beck depression inventoryii bdiii quickly assesses depression in line with the depression criteria of the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental health disordersfourth edition dsmivtr. An evaluation of dualprocess theories of reasoning. Beck depression inventory 2nd edition bdiii is a popular measure intended to assess the existence and severity of symptoms of depression in consistent with in the american psychiatric associations diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders fourth edition dsmiv. Beck depression inventory second edition bdiii pearson. Beck depression inventory an overview sciencedirect topics. Psychometric evaluation of the beck depression inventory. Its long form is composed of 21 questions, each designed to assess a specific symptom common among people with depression. Severity of depressive symptoms at that moment, specifically assessing the intensity of depression in psychiatric and normal populations, ages and above. Equivalence of computerized and conventional versions of the. Pdf the current study examined the psychometric properties and cutoff scores of the beck.
Its development marked a shift among mental health professionals, who had until then, viewed depression. Beck depression inventory minimum important difference. Beck depression inventoryii bdiii is a 21item clinician administered and scored scale that is designed to measure a persons mood and symptoms related to depression. The investigator may recommend that the patient be referred for a professional psychiatric assessment. Bdiii beck depression inventoryii pearson assessments. For a statistically significant change to have occurred, the patients subsequent bai score must be above 42. Applications of the beck depression inventory springerlink.
Beck depression inventory bdi spinal cord injury research. The scale for the bdi was originally created by patients descriptions of their symptoms. Pdf do scores on the beck depression inventoryii predict. Review from immpact ii designed to measure the behavioral manifestations of depression. Pdf norms for the beck depression inventory bdiii in a large. The bdi ii is a 21item selfreport inventory designed to assess the presence and severity in depressive symptoms. According to the medical university of south carolina musc, the beck depression inventory second edition bdi ii is a 21item selfreport instrument intended to assess the existence. Interpreters manual and modified materials in supplement kit. The beck depression inventorysecond edition bdiii is the latest edition of the bdi, one of the most commonly used outcome measures in the world to demonstrate treatment efficacy and monitor treatment progress for depressed patients.
Beck depression inventory scoring what does it measure. While hamiltons depression scale was considered to be the gold standard, and may be administered to both children and adults, one would have to conclude that becks depression inventoryii is the stronger of the two assessments. The correlation between bdiii and the beck depression inventory bdii was high and. The total score is calculated by finding the sum of the 21 items. Do scores on the beck depression inventoryii predict outcome in cognitive processing therapy. For interpretation, the manual suggests that scores 03 indicate minimal depression. If sgqteus3qqlless, patient may continue in the study. Total score, as part of the beck depression inventory ii bdi ii. The sample was selected purposely among patients diagnosed to have major depressive disorder according to the icd 10. Beck depression inventory definition of beck depression.
Twentyone years have passed since the beck depression inventory bdi was first described by beck et al. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders dsm5. The beck depression inventory the pharma innovation. Bdi ii scoring the bdi ii is scored by summing the ratings for the 21 items. Special attention must be paid to the correct scoring of the changes in sleeping pattern item 16 and changes in appetite ite m 18 items. Beck depression inventoryii bdiii american thoracic society.
The bdiii manual was also published in the czech republic with bdiii. Beck depression inventory dsm, therapy, withdrawal, people. Items from the bdia were rewritten, 4 new items corresponding to dsmiv depression criteria were added, and the timeframe. Beck anxiety inventory bai below is a list of common symptoms of anxiety. Each item is rated on a 4point likerttype scale ranging from 0 to 3, based on the severity in the last two weeks. The flowchart in figure 1 displays each step of the search process. The study recommended the application of the beck depression inventory scale bdi ii due to its high psychometric characteristics in addition to the attempt of developing this inventory to fit the older age groups. For a statistically significant change to have occurred, the patients subsequent bdi ii score. Limitations of the beck depression inventory scoring. For a statistically significant change to have occurred, the patients subsequent bai score. The beck depression inventoryii bdiii is one of the most widely used depression assessment tools in korea. This questionnaire consists of 21 groups of statements. As a backdrop for this study, convergent validity of the beck depression inventory ii with the reynolds adolescent depression scale in psychiatric inpatients, krefetz, steer, gulab and beck 2002 pointed to the fact that the psychometric properties of the bdi ii, especially its convergent validity with respect to other measures of depression.
The inventory is composed of items relating to depressive symptoms such as. Interpreting the beck depression inventory bdi ii add up the score for each of the 21 questions by counting the number to the right of each question you marked. The bdi ii, 21 the most recent version of the bdi, 22 was designed to measure the presence and severity of depression symptoms as noted in the dsmiv. Beck depression inventory ii bdiii pearson clinical. In addition, the beck depression inventory fast screen for medical patients bdifs. Summarize the strengths and weakness of the inventory. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of the beck depression inventory bdi ii and a single screening question as screening tools for depressive disorder in advanced cancer patients. Online training for the beck depression inventory second edition bdi ii these efficient modules are ideal for clinical trials or for healthcare providers seeking continuing education credit. This new edition of the beck depression inventory, the most widely used instrument for detecting depression, takes just five minutes to complete and is more clinically sensitive than ever.
The highest possible total for the whole test would be sixtythree and the lowest possible score for the test would be zero. For a statistically significant change to have occurred, the patients subsequent bdi ii score must be above 28 or below 19. Selfreport or interviewbased administrations show different results in older persons volume 31 issue 5 hana stepankova georgi, karolina horakova vlckova, jiri. An applied version bdiv was previously developed in german for use. Pdf on the validity of the beck depression inventory. The beck depression inventory bdi is widely used to screen for depression and to measure behavioral manifestations and severity of depression. Indicate how much you have been bothered by that symptom during the past month, including today, by circling the number in the corresponding space in the column next to each symptom. The beck depression inventory bdi is a 21item, selfreport rating inventory that measures characteristic attitudes and symptoms of depression 6. The beck depression inventory bdi was created by dr. It maintains the item structure from the bdiii and rates items occurrence over the past two weeks. Circle the number beside the statement you have picked. The items are easy to understand and rate, and the scoring procedure is very simple.
Bdi ii moderate severe minimal 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 raw score diagnostic range first test date first test score. Beck depression inventorysecond edition the national. Each item is rated on a 4point scale ranging from 0 to 3. Pdf psychometric properties and cutoff scores of the beck. The beck depression inventory bdi ii is one of the most widely used screening tools for depression and it may provide a useful method for screening for depression in palliative care 2426. The bdiii was revised from the original bdi 1961, and the changes have shown improvements in psychometrics, and the revised bdiii adheres to the. The scale for the bdi was originally created by patients descriptions of their symptoms mood, pessimism, sense of failure, selfdissatisfaction, guilt, suicidal ideas, crying, irritability, social withdrawal, insomnia, fatigue, appetite, weight loss, selfaccusation. The beck depression inventoryii can be easily adapted in most clinical conditions. Screening for major depression disorders in medical inpatients with the beck depression inventory. However, the cutoff score to screen for depression varied according to the type of sample. The bdi is a selfreport inventory that consists of 21multiple choice items used to assess the severity of depression in diagnosed adults and adolescents mostly by healthcare professionals and researchers allen, 2003. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Beck anxiety inventory is a well accepted selfreport screening measure of the severity of anxiety in adults and adolescents for use in both clinical and research settings 1 and is validated in a number of languages, including german, french, chinese, spanish, persian, nepal, icelandic, and others 2.
However, if you want to take the becks depression inventory then you will need to find a local therapist that can administer the test as it is not suppose to be self administered. An analysis of beck depression inventory 2nd edition bdiii. Validity of the beck depression inventory, hospital anxiety and depression scale, scl90, and hamilton depression rating scale as screening instruments for depression. The score ranging from 0 to represent minimal depression. The scoring scale is at the end of the questionnaire. Administration of the beck hopelessness scale or other appropriate assessment procedure is recommended. It is a short inventory that can easily be administered in 10 to 15 minutes. Bdiii are designed to rate the severity of respondents. Psychometric properties of the beck depression inventory. The beck depression inventory bdi for the assessment of depressive symptoms is well established in clinical settings.